
The common answer to the often-asked question by anxious investors, as to what is the best way to save tax, is to invest in Post Office savings schemes, or perhaps a regular investment in a public provident fund, or to buy insurance policies. It is unfortunate that the greatly advantageous Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS) is hardly ever mentioned, which is not a surprise, since, even though it is one of the high yielding products, it remains one of the lesser known ones. That is another reason that investors do not yet comprehend the potential benefits of this product.
ELSS holds the advantage of being the only equity-based tax saving instrument available in the country today and offers tax deduction on investments up to Rs 1,10,000, under Section 80C of the Income-Tax Act. Experts are of the opinion that equities, proven time and again to be the best asset class in the long term, would continue to beat inflation over the next few years, considering the strong growth rate in the economy and a healthy rise in corporate earnings. It would be prudent for long-term investors to invest in an asset that will do just that. We have elucidated the nature of an ELSS, which rightly deserves its due.
What is ELSS?
Equity Linked Savings Schemes (ELSSs) are similar to the normal equity diversified schemes that invest across the board and market segments. Features that differentiate ELSS from an open-ended equity diversified scheme are tax saving benefit (deductions under Sec 80C) and a lock-in period of three years. Also, one can invest in these schemes in small amounts through a Systematic Investment Plan and begin with a small fund size to add to this expense (i.e. entry/exit load) of

investing in an ELSS is similar to any other equity scheme.
Advantages of the lock-in-period:
- The close-ended nature of the Scheme gives the investment team an opportunity to take decisions without the pressures of dealing with constant fund cash flow considerations.
- This would also help to focus on long-term opportunities in mid-cap and small-cap companies that are strategically placed to take advantage of the robust economic growth in India and of the global outsourcing trend.
- Since the funds would remain with the fund manager for a long duration, it would give him more flexibility with regards to the illiquid nature of mid cap space. Therefore, the Fund is likely to perform better than an open-ended scheme.
Asset Allocation:
The Asset Allocation of the majority of Equity Linked Savings Schemes shows that the equity exposure varies between 90-98%, with the rest in the money market or Government Securities. Though all schemes have similar allocation, the style of investing may differ.
ELSS and other tax saving instruments
Below is the comparative analysis of ELSS with the other conventional tax saving schemes.
| Comparative Analysis of ELSS and Other Tax Saving Scheme |
| Particulars |
PPF |
NSC |
ELSS |
Infrastructure Fund |
| Lock-in period |
15 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
| Min. Investment |
Rs. 500 |
Rs. 100 |
Rs. 500 |
Rs. 500 |
| Max. Investment |
Rs. 110000 |
Rs. 110000 |
Rs. 110000 |
Rs. 110000 |
| Risk Level |
Lowest |
Lowest |
Highest |
Lowest |
| CAGR |
8% |
8% |
12-15% |
5 - 6% |
| Taxability of Interest |
Tax Free |
Interest is taxable |
Long term capital gain and dividend tax free |
Interest is tax free |
Risk-averse investors may complain about the volatility factor in an equity-linked instrument but the same is taken care of by the mandatory three-year lock-in period. Equities tend to be volatile over the short-term, but the performance tends to get smoothened-out over a longer, three-year time frame. Even the fund manager is not under pressure to take risky, aggressive investment calls to deliver short-term growth, as investors are in the Fund for the long haul. This translates into lower volatility in an ELSS, as compared to that in a diversified equity fund. Moreover, equities outperform other investment avenues like bonds, real estate and gold, over the long term. Therefore, ELSS offers investors a window to benefit from the ‘power’ of equities and also claim tax benefits to boot! No doubt NSC and PPF offer investors an assured return, but equities have the potential to offer a higher return vis-à-vis fixed income avenues, as has been established in several studies.
Another factor that is often ignored by investors and rarely factored-in while calculating returns is inflation. Inflation dampens returns and pulls down the ‘real return on investment’. To put it simply, if your investment offers you a return of 8% p.a. and inflation is at 4%, your real return is (8% minus 4%) 4%, at the end of the first year. Equities are the only investment avenue that can counter inflation effectively and enable investors to post a healthy return, post-inflation.
So what are you waiting for? Opt for ELSS as an investment avenue, whenever you prepare your tax plan.
